Sigiriya: Sri Lanka’s Celestial Palace and Lion Rock

Towering 200 meters (650 feet) above the lush central plains of Sri Lanka stands Sigiriya, an extraordinary UNESCO World Heritage Site that is often called the “Eighth Wonder of the World.” This massive granite rock formation, whose name translates to ‘Lion Rock’ (Sinhagiri), holds the ruins of an ancient fortress and palace built by the parricidal King Kashyapa I (477–495 AD) as his capital and impenetrable stronghold.

A Masterpiece of Ancient Engineering

Sigiriya is a living museum and one of the best-preserved examples of ancient urban planning in Asia, demonstrating an exceptional harmony between nature and human imagination.

• The Royal Water Gardens: Begin your journey through the symmetrical lower gardens, famous for being among the oldest landscaped gardens in the world. Marvel at the innovative 5th-century hydraulic systems that still feed the ingenious, working fountains—a testament to advanced ancient Sri Lankan engineering.
• The Lion Gate: Halfway up the rock, you encounter the monumental Lion’s Paws, all that remains of a colossal brick and plaster lion whose gaping mouth once served as the final entryway to the palace.
• The Sigiriya Frescoes: Protected by an overhanging rock, a series of exquisite, 1,500-year-old wall paintings known as the “Sigiriya Damsels” or “Maidens of the Clouds” showcases a unique and vibrant style of ancient Sri Lankan art.
• The Mirror Wall and Graffiti: Originally polished so highly that the King could see his reflection, this wall is now covered with over 1,500 pieces of ancient graffiti—poems, comments, and tributes written by visitors from the 6th to 18th centuries, offering a rare glimpse into the history of the Sinhala language.
• The Summit Palace: After climbing around 1,200 steps to the top, you are rewarded with the magnificent ruins of the royal palace, including cisterns cut into the rock, the King’s throne area, and breathtaking, panoramic 360-degree views of the surrounding jungle and plains.

Essential Visitor Information

• The Climb: The ascent is challenging but completely worthwhile, taking roughly 45 minutes to an hour one-way. It is best to start the climb early in the morning (before 9:00 am) or late in the afternoon (after 3:30 pm) to avoid the midday heat.
• What to Bring: Wear comfortable, adherent shoes, carry plenty of water, and bring a hat for sun protection, as there is little shade on the summit.
• Caution: The rock is home to wasp colonies. Visitors are advised to remain quiet during the climb. An emergency meshed shelter is provided near the Lion’s Paws in case of an attack.